![]() ![]() This article aims to estimate the prevalence of dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and their association with chronic diseases, and especially with heart failure, COPD and depression in patients between 45 and 99 years of age who attended the Family Health Program (PMF) in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. We have not found such studies in Brazilian literature. 6 Although previous studies have shown that the presence of dyspnea had limited value in diagnosing heart failure 7,8 the mapping of the association of the different types of dyspnea with the chronic diseases most prevalent in the community, can assist in the better characterization of patients with HF in primary care within an economically challenged population. 5 The early diagnosis of HF is crucial to reverse cardiac remodeling before the onset of symptoms. 4 In primary care, access to echocardiography, an essential tool for the diagnosis of HF, is more restricted. HF stands out among the cardiovascular illnesses, thus becoming a serious public health across the world. 2 However, in older people this symptom is common in other diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and depression, for example, with a prevalence ranging from 20 to 60%. 1 It is the symptom most commonly reported by patients with heart failure (HF), encompassing dyspnea on exertion (DE), orthopnea and the paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND). ConclusionesĮl comportamiento diferente de las asociaciones de los tipos de disnea con las principales enfermedades crónicas en pacientes en atención primaria puede ayudar a una mejor caracterización de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca.ĭyspnea is a subjective symptom of shortness of breath and is perceived as unpleasant by patients. La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, evaluada de forma aislada, no presentó ningún caso de disnea paroxística nocturna, y la insuficiencia cardíaca por sí sola mostró una relación muy fuerte con este tipo de disnea. En el análisis crudo la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica mostró las asociaciones más fuertes con los tres tipos de disnea, seguidos por la depresión y la insuficiencia cardíaca. Resultadosĭe los 633 individuos, el 30% presentó disnea. Se usaron autorrelatos para el diagnóstico de las enfermedades. Todos los participantes se sometieron a evaluaciones clínicas, recolección de sangre y orina, y respondieron a un cuestionario en un solo día. MétodosĮstudio transversal, parte del estudio Digitalis, que incluyó a 633 individuos, entre 45 y 99 años de edad, registrados en un programa de atención primaria en Niterói, Brasil. ObjetivoĮstimar la prevalencia de disnea de esfuerzo, ortopnea y disnea paroxística nocturna y su asociación con enfermedades crónicas en la atención primaria. En los ancianos es común en la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y la depresión. La disnea es el síntoma más común en la insuficiencia cardíaca. The different behavior of the associations of the types of dyspnea with major chronic diseases in patients in primary care can help in the better characterization of patients with heart failure. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease alone did not present any cases of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and heart failure alone showed a very strong relationship with this type of dyspnea. In the crude analysis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease showed the strongest associations with the three types of dyspnea, followed by depression and heart failure. Self-reports were used for the diagnosis of diseases. All participants underwent clinical evaluations, blood and urine collection, and responded to a questionnaire in a single day. MethodsĪ cross-sectional study, part of the Digitalis Study, including 633 individuals, between 45 to 99 years old, registered in a primary care program in Niteroi, Brazil. To estimate the prevalence of dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and its association with chronic diseases in primary care. In the elderly, it is common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and depression. ![]() Dyspnea is the most common symptom in heart failure. ![]()
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